The cultivation of coffee, which is in Africa or South America or other parts of the globe, has always been sensitive to climate (temperature and rainfall), but in 2003 it was found the mass arrival a small insect (borer coffee), which, aided by the warming climate, took office causing major problems for farmers.
The beetle named in Latin America "broca", or "drill", it behaves like a reamer that pierce the berry of the coffee you can put your eggs into and damaged beyond repair.
Each female can lay up to 200 eggs, depending on climatic conditions, the borer can reproduce from 1 to 7 times a year.
The damage is very heavy, and although the coffee does not have the vital importance of the grain, however, affect the business around seventy countries in the world with a market of 90 billion dollars a year.
Climate change has hit the affected areas to cultivation, has led to a rise in temperature that is optimal for the development of the beetle. The increase in the abundance of small invertebrate that has forced a part of Colombian farmers to move their plots, as from research carried out by the "National Coffee Research Center" of Manizales in Colombia, it was found that the increase of 1 ° C, requires a shift in cultivation of 550 meters above sea level. The
borer beetle need an average temperature 20 ° C to survive and reproduce. Experts have found that every time the temperature increases by 0.05 degrees Celsius, the infection of plants coffee increased by 8, 5%.
Who has not moved production altitude tried to keep the temperature in crops, planting a large number of trees capable of generating the shadow.
This solution is not among the fastest but also ensures a reduction from 2 to 4 degrees Celsius on the leaves of the coffee plant.
addition to all these measures we have tried to eliminate the problem by using substantial quantities of pesticides, but unfortunately we did not manage to do is reduce the number of reproductive cycles of the European corn borer.
Source: (Treehugger)
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